PLA2G5 — Phospholipase A2 group V
PLA2G5 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 1 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
PLA2G5's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fibroblasts | PI16+ Fibroblast Identity ECM production | AADACL2, ADAMTSL4, ARHGAP29, C16orf89, CADM3, CD248, CLEC3B, CYP4B1 +10 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Chromosome | 1: 20028179-20091911 |
|---|---|
| Predicted location | Secreted |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted secreted proteins, RAS pathway related proteins |
| Molecular function | Hydrolase |
| Biological process | Fatty acid metabolism, Lipid degradation, Lipid metabolism, Phagocytosis, Phospholipid degradation, Phospholipid metabolism |
Function
Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity), preferentially releasing fatty acyl groups with a low degree of unsaturation such as oleoyl (C18:1) and linoleoyl (C18:2) groups. Hydrolyzes low-density lipoprotein (LDL) phospholipids releasing unsaturated fatty acids that drive macrophage polarization toward an M2 phenotype (By similarity). May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner. Contributes to lipid remodeling of cellular membranes at different subcellular locations and generation of lipid mediators involved in pathogen clearance. Cleaves sn-2 fatty acyl chains of cardiolipin, a major component of the inner membrane of mitochondria and bacterial membranes. Promotes phagocytosis of bacteria in macrophages through production of lysophosphatidylethanolamines. Displays bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by directly hydrolyzing phospholipids of the bacterial membrane. Promotes phagocytosis and killing of ingested fungi likely through controlling phagosome-lysosome fusion and phagosome maturation (By similarity). Plays a role in biosynthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) in myeloid cells. In eosinophils, triggers perinuclear arachidonate release and LTC4 synthesis in a PLA2G4A-independent way. In neutrophils, amplifies CysLTs biosynthesis initiated by PLA2G4A. Promotes immune complex clearance in macrophages via stimulating synthesis of CysLTs, which act through CYSLTR1 to trigger phagocytosis (By similarity). May regulate antigen processing in antigen-presenting cells (By similarity). In pulmonary macrophages regulates IL33 production required for activation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (By similarity). May play a role in the biosynthesis of N-acyl ethanolamines that regulate energy metabolism. Hydrolyzes N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamines to N-acyl lysophosphatidylethanolamines, which are further cleaved by a lysophospholipase D to release N-acyl ethanolamines.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.