POLD1 — DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit
POLD1 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 1 of 30 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
POLD1's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Colonocytes | BEST4+ Colonocyte Identity Epithelial development | ABI3BP, ADAMTS14, ADCY5, ANO7, ATOH8, BEST4, BMP2K, CA7 +33 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | CDC2, POLD |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 19: 50384204-50418018 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | Yes |
| Protein class | Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Enzymes, Essential proteins, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | DNA-binding, DNA-directed DNA polymerase, Exonuclease, Hydrolase, Nuclease, Nucleotidyltransferase, Transferase |
| Biological process | DNA damage, DNA excision, DNA repair, DNA replication |
Function
As the catalytic component of the trimeric (Pol-delta3 complex) and tetrameric DNA polymerase delta complexes (Pol-delta4 complex), plays a crucial role in high fidelity genome replication, including in lagging strand synthesis, and repair. Exhibits both DNA polymerase and 3'- to 5'- exonuclease activities. Requires the presence of accessory proteins POLD2, POLD3 and POLD4 for full activity. Depending upon the absence (Pol-delta3) or the presence of POLD4 (Pol-delta4), displays differences in catalytic activity. Most notably, expresses higher proofreading activity in the context of Pol- delta3 compared with that of Pol-delta4. Although both Pol-delta3 and Pol-delta4 process Okazaki fragments in vitro, Pol-delta3 may be better suited to fulfill this task, exhibiting near-absence of strand displacement activity compared to Pol-delta4 and stalling on encounter with the 5'-blocking oligonucleotides. Pol-delta3 idling process may avoid the formation of a gap, while maintaining a nick that can be readily ligated. Along with DNA polymerase kappa, DNA polymerase delta carries out approximately half of nucleotide excision repair (NER) synthesis following UV irradiation. Under conditions of DNA replication stress, in the presence of POLD3 and POLD4, may catalyze the repair of broken replication forks through break-induced replication (BIR). Involved in the translesion synthesis (TLS) of templates carrying O6-methylguanine, 8oxoG or abasic sites.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.