ENPP1 — Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1
ENPP1 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 1 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
ENPP1's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Innate lymphoid cells | RNA Processing & Proteostasis RNA processing & translation | BZW1, CBX5, CSNK1A1, DDX21, EIF2S1, EIF3J, FNBP1, HNRNPA3 +11 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | M6S1, NPPS, PC-1, PCA1, PDNP1 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 6: 131808016-131895155 |
| Predicted location | Membrane, Secreted |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | CD markers, Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted membrane proteins, Predicted secreted proteins |
| Molecular function | Hydrolase |
| Biological process | Biomineralization |
Function
Nucleotide pyrophosphatase that generates diphosphate (PPi) and functions in bone mineralization and soft tissue calcification by regulating pyrophosphate levels (By similarity). PPi inhibits bone mineralization and soft tissue calcification by binding to nascent hydroxyapatite crystals, thereby preventing further growth of these crystals. Preferentially hydrolyzes ATP, but can also hydrolyze other nucleoside 5' triphosphates such as GTP, CTP and UTP to their corresponding monophosphates with release of pyrophosphate, as well as diadenosine polyphosphates, and also 3',5'-cAMP to AMP. May also be involved in the regulation of the availability of nucleotide sugars in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, and the regulation of purinergic signaling. Inhibits ectopic joint calcification and maintains articular chondrocytes by repressing hedgehog signaling; it is however unclear whether hedgehog inhibition is direct or indirect (By similarity). Appears to modulate insulin sensitivity and function. Also involved in melanogenesis. Also able to hydrolyze 2',3'-cGAMP (cyclic GMP-AMP), a second messenger that activates TMEM173/STING and triggers type-I interferon production. 2',3'-cGAMP degradation takes place in the lumen or extracellular space, and not in the cytosol where it is produced; the role of 2',3'-cGAMP hydrolysis is therefore unclear. Not able to hydrolyze the 2',3'-cGAMP linkage isomer 3'-3'-cGAMP.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.