TRNT1 — TRNA nucleotidyl transferase 1

TRNT1 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 1 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.

TRNT1's module in each cell type

About the gene

Function

Nucleotidyltransferase that catalyzes the addition and repair of the essential 3'-terminal CCA sequence in tRNAs, which is necessary for the attachment of amino acids to the 3' terminus of tRNA molecules, using CTP and ATP as substrates. tRNA 3'-terminal CCA addition is required both for tRNA processing and repair. Promotes tRNA repair and recycling downstream of the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) pathway by mediating addition of the tRNA 3'-terminal CCA following cleavage by ANKZF1 and repair by ELAC1. Also involved in tRNA surveillance by mediating tandem CCA addition to generate a CCACCA at the 3' terminus of unstable tRNAs and tRNA-like transcripts. While stable tRNAs receive only 3'-terminal CCA, unstable tRNAs beginning with GG are marked with CCACCA and rapidly degraded. The structural flexibility of RNA controls the choice between CCA versus CCACCA addition: following the first CCA addition cycle, nucleotide-binding to the active site triggers a clockwise screw motion, producing torque on the RNA. This ejects stable RNAs, whereas unstable RNAs are refolded while bound to the enzyme and subjected to a second CCA catalytic cycle. Adds 2 C residues (CC-) to the 3' terminus of tRNA molecules instead of a complete CCA end as isoform 1 does (in vitro)

Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt

Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.