FTO — FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase
FTO belongs to a gene co-expression module in 2 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
FTO's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lymphatic endothelial | Cilia Centrosome Program Cytoskeletal | ARB2A, BBS9, BCAS3, CDKAL1, CEP112, EPB41L4A, FCHSD2, MBD5 +7 more | View in SCUBA |
| Macrophages | Endosomal Rab Trafficking Vesicular traficking | ABL1, ANKS1A, ARB2A, CAMK1D, CPEB3, DENND4C, DISC1, FBXL17 +15 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | ALKBH9, KIAA1752, MGC5149 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 16: 53701692-54158512 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Dioxygenase, Oxidoreductase, Transferase |
Function
RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. Specifically demethylates N(6)- methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes. M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability. Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O- dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)- methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA. Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping. Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Also able to repair alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation: demethylates single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, single- stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine and has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3- methylcytosine. Ability to repair alkylated DNA and RNA is however unsure in vivo. Involved in the regulation of fat mass, adipogenesis and body weight, thereby contributing to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation. Involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells. Regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry via its ability to demethylate m6A in mRNAs (By similarity). Plays an oncogenic role in a number of acute myeloid leukemias by enhancing leukemic oncogene-mediated cell transformation: acts by mediating m6A demethylation of target transcripts such as MYC, CEBPA, ASB2 and RARA, leading to promote their expression.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.