TMPRSS2 — Transmembrane serine protease 2
TMPRSS2 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 1 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
TMPRSS2's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enterocytes | NF-kB epithelial activation Inflammation | BNIP5, CCL20, EHD4, HPS5, IL6ST, NFKBIA, RAB8B, RAP1B +1 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | PRSS10 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 21: 41464300-41531116 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular, Membrane, Secreted |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Predicted secreted proteins, Transporters |
| Molecular function | Hydrolase, Protease, Serine protease |
| Biological process | Host-virus interaction |
Function
Plasma membrane-anchored serine protease that cleaves at arginine residues. Participates in proteolytic cascades of relevance for the normal physiologic function of the prostate. Androgen-induced TMPRSS2 activates several substrates that include pro- hepatocyte growth factor/HGF, the protease activated receptor-2/F2RL1 or matriptase/ST14 leading to extracellular matrix disruption and metastasis of prostate cancer cells. In addition, activates trigeminal neurons and contribute to both spontaneous pain and mechanical allodynia (By similarity). (Microbial infection) Facilitates human coronaviruses SARS- CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections via two independent mechanisms, proteolytic cleavage of ACE2 receptor which promotes viral uptake, and cleavage of coronavirus spike glycoproteins which activates the glycoprotein for host cell entry. The cleavage of SARS-COV2 spike glycoprotein occurs between the S2 and S2' site. Upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, increases syncytia formation by accelerating the fusion process. Proteolytically cleaves and activates the spike glycoproteins of human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and human coronavirus EMC (HCoV-EMC) and the fusion glycoproteins F0 of Sendai virus (SeV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human parainfluenza 1, 2, 3, 4a and 4b viruses (HPIV). Essential for spread and pathogenesis of influenza A virus (strains H1N1, H3N2 and H7N9); involved in proteolytic cleavage and activation of hemagglutinin (HA) protein which is essential for viral infectivity. (Microbial infection) Receptor for human coronavirus HKU1- CoV, acts synergistically with disialoside glycans to facilitate the entry of the virus. After binding to cell-surface disialoside glycans, the viral S protein interacts with the inactive form of TMPRSS2 and inhibits its protease activity.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.