ALOX5 — Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
ALOX5 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 1 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
ALOX5's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Macrophages | Myeloid Differentiation Identity Developmental | ADCK2, ATP2C1, CCDC6, CDK6, CMTM7, DEF6, EEF2K, EOGT +21 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | 5-LOX |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 10: 45374176-45446119 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Dioxygenase, Hydrolase, Oxidoreductase |
| Biological process | Leukotriene biosynthesis, Lipid metabolism |
Function
Catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)- eicosatetraenoate) to 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate (5-HPETE) followed by the dehydration to 5,6- epoxyeicosatetraenoate (Leukotriene A4/LTA4), the first two steps in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, which are potent mediators of inflammation. Also catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonate into 8- hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate (8-HPETE) and 12- hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate (12-HPETE). Displays lipoxin synthase activity being able to convert (15S)-HETE into a conjugate tetraene. Although arachidonate is the preferred substrate, this enzyme can also metabolize oxidized fatty acids derived from arachidonate such as (15S)-HETE, eicosapentaenoate (EPA) such as (18R)- and (18S)-HEPE or docosahexaenoate (DHA) which lead to the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) lipoxin and resolvins E and D respectively, therefore it participates in anti-inflammatory responses. Oxidation of DHA directly inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and sprouting angiogenesis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) (By similarity). It does not catalyze the oxygenation of linoleic acid and does not convert (5S)-HETE to lipoxin isomers. In addition to inflammatory processes, it participates in dendritic cell migration, wound healing through an antioxidant mechanism based on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) regulation expression, monocyte adhesion to the endothelium via ITGAM expression on monocytes (By similarity). Moreover, it helps establish an adaptive humoral immunity by regulating primary resting B cells and follicular helper T cells and participates in the CD40-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after CD40 ligation in B cells through interaction with PIK3R1 that bridges ALOX5 with CD40. May also play a role in glucose homeostasis, regulation of insulin secretion and palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance via AMPK (By similarity). Can regulate bone mineralization and fat cell differentiation increases in induced pluripotent stem cells (By similarity).
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.