AMFR — Autocrine motility factor receptor
AMFR belongs to a gene co-expression module in 2 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
AMFR's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma-delta T cells | Polycomb Transcriptional Control DNA/chromatin regulation | ATMIN, BRD7, CBX4, CCNY, CD81, CDK2AP1, CSNK1E, CSNK1G2 +17 more | |
| Mucosal-associated invariant T cell | Tissue Residency Tissue residence | ACSL1, CRACDL, DHX36, HES4, IRF8, ITGAE, LZTFL1, MACO1 +8 more |
About the gene
| Synonyms | gp78, RNF45 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 16: 56361452-56425545 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular, Membrane |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters |
| Molecular function | Receptor, Transferase |
| Biological process | Ubl conjugation pathway, Wnt signaling pathway |
Function
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of lysine and cysteine residues on target proteins, such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR, INSIG1, SOAT2/ACAT2 and APOB for proteasomal degradation. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG1 complex at the ER membrane. In addition, interaction of AMFR with AUP1 facilitates interaction of AMFR with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2G2 and ubiquitin ligase RNF139, leading to sterol-induced HMGCR ubiquitination. The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER into the cytosol for subsequent destruction. In addition to ubiquitination on lysine residues, catalyzes ubiquitination on cysteine residues: together with INSIG1, mediates polyubiquitination of SOAT2/ACAT2 at 'Cys-277', leading to its degradation when the lipid levels are low. Catalyzes ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of INSIG1 when cells are depleted of sterols. Mediates polyubiquitination of INSIG2 at 'Cys-215' in some tissues, leading to its degradation. Also regulates ERAD through the ubiquitination of UBL4A a component of the BAG6/BAT3 complex. Also acts as a scaffold protein to assemble a complex that couples ubiquitination, retranslocation and deglycosylation. Mediates tumor invasion and metastasis as a receptor for the GPI/autocrine motility factor. In association with LMBR1L and UBAC2, negatively regulates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in the lymphocytes by promoting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of CTNNB1 and Wnt receptors FZD6 and LRP6. Regulates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways by mediating 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination of TAB3 and promoting subsequent TAK1/MAP3K7 activation. Required for proper lipid homeostasis.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.