GGT5 — Gamma-glutamyltransferase 5
GGT5 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 3 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
GGT5's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fibroblasts | Homeostatic Fibroblast State Housekeeping | ADAM28, APOE, CCL13, CCL8, COLEC11, CRYBG3, ELANE, FABP4 +5 more | View in SCUBA |
| Monocytes | Tolerogenic Monocyte Activation Inflammatory | CCR5, CD40, CD80, IDO1, IL4I1, MANF, PLA2G7, SLAMF7 +1 more | View in SCUBA |
| Pericytes | Fibrillar Collagen Production ECM production | COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, COL5A1, COL6A1, COL6A2, COL6A3, PCOLCE +1 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | GGT-REL, GGTLA1 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 22: 24219654-24245108 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Acyltransferase, Hydrolase, Protease, Transferase |
| Biological process | Glutathione biosynthesis, Leukotriene biosynthesis |
Function
Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl bond of extracellular glutathione tripeptide (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly) and certain glutathione conjugates. Hydrolyzes glutathione releasing L- Glu and Cys-Gly dipeptide which is further metabolized to maintain extracellular cysteine levels but also to provide cysteine necessary for intracellular glutathione synthesis. Among glutathione-S-conjugates metabolizes leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and S-geranylgeranyl-glutathione (GGG), but is inactive toward gamma-glutamyl leucine. Converts extracellular LTC4 to LTD4 during acute inflammatory response. Acts as a negative regulator of GGG bioactivity. GGT5 (via GGG catabolism) and ABCC1 (via extracellular transport) establish GGG gradients within lymphoid tissues to position P2RY8-positive lymphocytes at germinal centers in lymphoid follicles and restrict their chemotactic transmigration from blood vessels to bone marrow parenchyma (By similarity). The transpeptidation reaction, i.e. the transfer of gamma-glutamyl moiety to an acceptor molecule to yield a new gamma-glutamyl compound requires high concentration of dipeptide acceptor and is considered nonphysiological.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.