NLRP3 — NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
NLRP3 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 5 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
NLRP3's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD4⁺ T cells | Unfolded Protein Response Protein processing & ER | ARF4, ATF4, DUSP8, HSPA5, IL23A, NOP56, NRIP3, NXT1 +7 more | View in SCUBA |
| Innate lymphoid cells | Inflammasome Activation Inflammation | ANKRD28, AP3D1, ARHGEF7, CCNH, CD55, CDC42SE1, CHD7, CHKA +19 more | View in SCUBA |
| Monocytes | NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Innate immunity | ACSL1, BASP1, CCDC71L, CCL20, EREG, F3, FAM107B, LRG1 +3 more | View in SCUBA |
| Mucosal-associated invariant T cell | MAIT Cell Identity T cell maturation | AFF3, DDX3Y, DKK3, DSE, EPAS1, FKBP5, FYN, GLIPR1 +16 more | |
| Neutrophils | Inflammasome IL-1 Response Cytokine & chemokine secretion | CSRNP1, EGR3, G0S2, IER3, IFRD1, IL1B, IL1RN, IVNS1ABP +5 more |
About the gene
| Synonyms | AGTAVPRL, AII, AVP, C1orf7, CIAS1, CLR1.1, DFNA34, FCAS, FCU, MWS, NALP3, PYPAF1 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 1: 247416156-247449108 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Cancer-related genes, Human disease related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins |
Function
Sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to defects in membrane integrity, leading to secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and pyroptosis. In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals that affect the integrity of membranes, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex composed of NLRP3, CASP1 and PYCARD/ASC. Recruitment of pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) to the NLRP3 inflammasome promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), promoting cytokine secretion and pyroptosis. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion; stimulating inflammatory responses. Under resting conditions, ADP-bound NLRP3 is autoinhibited. NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, nigericin, reactive oxygen species, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, such as asbestos, silica, aluminum salts, cytosolic dsRNA, etc. Almost all stimuli trigger intracellular K(+) efflux (By similarity). These stimuli lead to membrane perturbation and activation of NLRP3 (By similarity). Upon activation, NLRP3 is transported to microtubule organizing center (MTOC), where it is unlocked by NEK7, leading to its relocalization to dispersed trans-Golgi network (dTGN) vesicle membranes and formation of an active inflammasome complex. Associates with dTGN vesicle membranes by binding to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P). Shows ATPase activity. Independently of inflammasome activation, regulates the differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and has a role in Th2 cell- dependent asthma and tumor growth (By similarity). During Th2 differentiation, required for optimal IRF4 binding to IL4 promoter and for IRF4-dependent IL4 transcription (By similarity). Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-GRRGGNRGAG-3' (By similarity). May also participate in the transcription of IL5, IL13, GATA3, CCR3, CCR4 and MAF (By similarity)
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.