CH25H — Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase
CH25H belongs to a gene co-expression module in 3 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
CH25H's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD4⁺ T cells | CD200 immunoregulation Immune regulation | B3GNT2, CAV1, CD200, CD79A, CHGB, DUOX1, ELF2, EVI5 +23 more | View in SCUBA |
| Endothelial | Myeloid Contamination Cell contamination | BASP1, C7, CARMIL1, CCL23, CSRP2, CTSC, DENND2D, DRAM2 +20 more | View in SCUBA |
| Smooth muscle cells | Stromal Chemokine Secretion Inflammation | C7, CCL19, CCL2, CCL21, CXCL12, CXCL2, LINC00924, MAOA +9 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Chromosome | 10: 89205629-89207317 |
|---|---|
| Predicted location | Membrane |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins |
| Molecular function | Monooxygenase, Oxidoreductase |
| Biological process | Lipid biosynthesis, Lipid metabolism, Steroid biosynthesis, Steroid metabolism, Sterol biosynthesis, Sterol metabolism |
Function
Catalyzes the formation of 25-hydroxycholesterol from cholesterol, leading to repress cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes. Plays a key role in cell positioning and movement in lymphoid tissues: 25-hydroxycholesterol is an intermediate in biosynthesis of 7-alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7-alpha,25-OHC), an oxysterol that acts as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR183/EBI2, a chemotactic receptor for a number of lymphoid cells (By similarity). May play an important role in regulating lipid metabolism by synthesizing a corepressor that blocks sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) processing. As an interferon- stimulated gene, has broad antiviral activities against a wide range of enveloped viruses, such as vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its product, 25-hydroxycholesterol, activates the ER-localized enzyme ACAT to induce internalization of accessible cholesterol on the plasma membrane and restricts SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated fusion which inhibits virus replication. In testis, production of 25- hydroxycholesterol by macrophages plays a role in Leydig cell differentiation (By similarity). Required to restrain inflammation in macrophages: production of 25-hydroxycholesterol protects macrophages from cholesterol overload, thereby preventing mitochondrial DNA release and subsequent activation of the AIM2 inflammasome (By similarity).
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.