AXL — AXL receptor tyrosine kinase
AXL belongs to a gene co-expression module in 2 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
AXL's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Macrophages | Efferocytosis Anti-inflammatory Lysosomal & pahgocytosis | ABHD12, ADGRG5, AIG1, CCS, CD101, CD1D, CD300A, EVA1B +18 more | View in SCUBA |
| Smooth muscle cells | Membrane Protein Turnover Housekeeping | ATP6AP2, BSG, CAP1, CBX6, EI24, MFAP4, SSR2, TCEAL9 +1 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | ARK, JTK11, Tyro7, UFO |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 19: 41219223-41261766 |
| Predicted location | Membrane |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Plasma proteins, Predicted membrane proteins |
| Molecular function | Host cell receptor for virus entry, Kinase, Receptor, Transferase, Tyrosine-protein kinase |
| Biological process | Differentiation, Host-virus interaction, Immunity, Innate immunity |
Function
Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding growth factor GAS6 and which is thus regulating many physiological processes including cell survival, cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of AXL. Following activation by ligand, AXL binds and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of PI3-kinase subunits PIK3R1, PIK3R2 and PIK3R3; but also GRB2, PLCG1, LCK and PTPN11. Other downstream substrate candidates for AXL are CBL, NCK2, SOCS1 and TNS2. Recruitment of GRB2 and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase regulatory subunits by AXL leads to the downstream activation of the AKT kinase. GAS6/AXL signaling plays a role in various processes such as endothelial cell survival during acidification by preventing apoptosis, optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development, hepatic regeneration, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and migration, platelet activation, or regulation of thrombotic responses. Also plays an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for lassa virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, possibly through GAS6 binding to phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion envelope. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Ebolavirus, possibly through GAS6 binding to phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion envelope. (Microbial infection) Promotes Zika virus entry in glial cells, Sertoli cells and astrocytes. Additionally, Zika virus potentiates AXL kinase activity to antagonize type I interferon signaling and thereby promotes infection. Interferon signaling inhibition occurs via an SOCS1-dependent mechanism.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.