EPRS1 — Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1
EPRS1 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 3 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
EPRS1's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma-delta T cells | Chromatin Epigenetic Regulation DNA/chromatin regulation | CASP8AP2, CNPPD1, CUL4A, CYBC1, FAM8A1, GTF2H3, IL17RA, KCTD7 +15 more | |
| Macrophages | RNA Processing & Repair Housekeeping | BRD7, CCDC59, CCT4, CCT6A, CNDP2, EIF3J, EIF5B, EMC4 +31 more | View in SCUBA |
| Mucosal-associated invariant T cell | Chromatin Remodeling DNA/chromatin regulation | ANP32E, ARHGAP30, CANX, DCTN1, FLII, HK1, JAK3, LASP1 +9 more |
About the gene
| Synonyms | EARS, EPRS, GLUPRORS, PARS, QARS, QPRS |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 1: 219968600-220046530 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | Yes |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Enzymes, Essential proteins, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, Ligase, Multifunctional enzyme, RNA-binding |
| Biological process | Protein biosynthesis, Translation regulation |
Function
Multifunctional protein which primarily functions within the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex, also known as multisynthetase complex. Within the complex it catalyzes the attachment of both L-glutamate and L-proline to their cognate tRNAs in a two-step reaction where the amino acid is first activated by ATP to form a covalent intermediate with AMP. Subsequently, the activated amino acid is transferred to the acceptor end of the cognate tRNA to form L- glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) and L-prolyl-tRNA(Pro). Upon interferon-gamma stimulation, EPRS1 undergoes phosphorylation, causing its dissociation from the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex. It is recruited to form the GAIT complex, which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements found in the 3'-UTR of various inflammatory mRNAs, such as ceruloplasmin. The GAIT complex inhibits the translation of these mRNAs, allowing interferon-gamma to redirect the function of EPRS1 from protein synthesis to translation inhibition in specific cell contexts. Furthermore, it can function as a downstream effector in the mTORC1 signaling pathway, by promoting the translocation of SLC27A1 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane where it mediates the uptake of long- chain fatty acid by adipocytes. Thereby, EPRS1 also plays a role in fat metabolism and more indirectly influences lifespan.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.