TCR Activation & Modulation
Gene co-expression module in CD8⁺ T cells
| Category | Exhaustion |
|---|---|
| Genes | 9 |
| Annotation certainty | 5 of 5 |
| Annotation consistency | 7 of 9 genes have a known function matching the annotation |
Why this annotation
Top hub LAYN (layilin) is a hyaluronan receptor highly expressed on tumor-infiltrating exhausted CD8 T cells and is a validated marker of terminal exhaustion in CRC. AKAP5 (AKAP79/150) scaffolds PKA/calcineurin and is expressed in exhausted T cells. ENTPD1 (CD39) is a classic exhaustion/immunosuppression marker on tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells, catabolizing extracellular ATP. CTLA4 is a canonical co-inhibitory receptor marking exhausted/regulatory T cells. SOX4 is a transcription factor linked to T cell exhaustion and dysfunction programs. ADGRG1 (GPR56) is expressed on cytotoxic and exhausted T cells. GALNT2 is a glycosyltransferase. MAST4 is a serine/threonine kinase. ETV1 is an ETS transcription factor. The core of this module — LAYN, ENTPD1, CTLA4, SOX4, AKAP5 — is a high-confidence terminal exhaustion signature, consistent with neighbor modules M60 and M65 in the exhaustion neighborhood.
Genes
ADGRG1, AKAP5, CTLA4, ENTPD1, ETV1, GALNT2, LAYN, MAST4, SOX4
Most correlated modules
- Gut Residence Trm · correlation 0.91
- Proliferating CD8 T cell · correlation 0.86
- Cytotoxic Exhausted CD8 · correlation 0.85
- Cytotoxic Gut Effector · correlation 0.79
- TCR Proximal Signaling · correlation 0.79
- T cell Immune Tolerance · correlation 0.78
- Tissue residence · correlation 0.73
Module annotations were drafted by a large language model from the module's genes, then reviewed and approved by a domain expert. See sources & licences.