RPA1 — Replication protein A1
RPA1 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 3 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
RPA1's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma-delta T cells | Glycolysis & Proteasome Housekeeping | ACAA2, ANAPC15, APEH, C1QBP, CCDC167, CHMP2A, CLNS1A, ENO1 +11 more | |
| Innate lymphoid cells | ILC1 Lymphocyte Signaling Immune regulation | CDIPT, CNPY3, DBNL, ENG, IL16, LIMD2, LSM2, MAPKAPK3 +11 more | View in SCUBA |
| Macrophages | DNA Replication Metabolism Cell cycle | AGPAT5, CBX1, DCK, FADS1, HACD3, HADH, ICMT, IDH2 +11 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | HSSB, REPA1, RF-A, RP-A, RPA70 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 17: 1829702-1900082 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | Yes |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Essential proteins, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | DNA-binding |
| Biological process | DNA damage, DNA recombination, DNA repair, DNA replication |
Function
As part of the heterotrimeric replication protein A complex (RPA/RP-A), binds and stabilizes single-stranded DNA intermediates that form during DNA replication or upon DNA stress. It prevents their reannealing and in parallel, recruits and activates different proteins and complexes involved in DNA metabolism. Thereby, it plays an essential role both in DNA replication and the cellular response to DNA damage. In the cellular response to DNA damage, the RPA complex controls DNA repair and DNA damage checkpoint activation. Through recruitment of ATRIP activates the ATR kinase a master regulator of the DNA damage response. It is required for the recruitment of the DNA double-strand break repair factors RAD51 and RAD52 to chromatin in response to DNA damage. Also recruits to sites of DNA damage proteins like XPA and XPG that are involved in nucleotide excision repair and is required for this mechanism of DNA repair. Also plays a role in base excision repair (BER) probably through interaction with UNG. Also recruits SMARCAL1/HARP, which is involved in replication fork restart, to sites of DNA damage. Plays a role in telomere maintenance. As part of the alternative replication protein A complex, aRPA, binds single-stranded DNA and probably plays a role in DNA repair. Compared to the RPA2- containing, canonical RPA complex, may not support chromosomal DNA replication and cell cycle progression through S-phase. The aRPA may not promote efficient priming by DNA polymerase alpha but could support DNA synthesis by polymerase delta in presence of PCNA and replication factor C (RFC), the dual incision/excision reaction of nucleotide excision repair and RAD51-dependent strand exchange. RPA stimulates 5'-3' helicase activity of the BRIP1/FANCJ.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.