TFRC — Transferrin receptor
TFRC belongs to a gene co-expression module in 3 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
TFRC's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD4⁺ T cells | Regulatory T cell Immune regulation | ATP1B1, EBI3, FOXP3, GADD45A, GCNT1, GTF2H5, IL1R1, IL1R2 +6 more | View in SCUBA |
| CD8⁺ T cells | TCR Proximal Signaling TCR Signaling | ACTN4, CD3G, CMIP, GALNT1, IVNS1ABP, LCP2, MSN, PTPN22 +3 more | View in SCUBA |
| Monocytes | NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Innate immunity | ACSL1, BASP1, CCDC71L, CCL20, EREG, F3, FAM107B, LRG1 +3 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | CD71, p90, TFR1 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 3: 196012511-196082153 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular, Membrane, Secreted |
| Essential gene | Yes |
| Protein class | Cancer-related genes, CD markers, Disease related genes, Enzymes, Essential proteins, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Predicted secreted proteins, Transporters |
| Molecular function | Host cell receptor for virus entry, Receptor, Transducer |
| Biological process | Endocytosis, Host-virus interaction |
Function
Cellular uptake of iron occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligand-occupied transferrin receptor into specialized endosomes. Endosomal acidification leads to iron release. The apotransferrin-receptor complex is then recycled to the cell surface with a return to neutral pH and the concomitant loss of affinity of apotransferrin for its receptor. Transferrin receptor is necessary for development of erythrocytes and the nervous system (By similarity). A second ligand, the hereditary hemochromatosis protein HFE, competes for binding with transferrin for an overlapping C- terminal binding site. Positively regulates T and B cell proliferation through iron uptake. Acts as a lipid sensor that regulates mitochondrial fusion by regulating activation of the JNK pathway. When dietary levels of stearate (C18:0) are low, promotes activation of the JNK pathway, resulting in HUWE1- mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the mitofusin MFN2 and inhibition of mitochondrial fusion. When dietary levels of stearate (C18:0) are high, TFRC stearoylation inhibits activation of the JNK pathway and thus degradation of the mitofusin MFN2. Mediates uptake of NICOL1 into fibroblasts where it may regulate extracellular matrix production (By similarity). (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for new-world arenaviruses: Guanarito, Junin and Machupo virus. (Microbial infection) Acts as a host entry factor for rabies virus that hijacks the endocytosis of TFRC to enter cells. (Microbial infection) Acts as a host entry factor for SARS- CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 viruses that hijack the endocytosis of TFRC to enter cells
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.