EZH2 — Enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit
EZH2 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 4 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
EZH2's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Endothelial | S-phase Proliferation Cell cycle | ATAD2, ATAD5, BRCA1, BRCA2, CENPH, CENPK, CENPU, DHFR +11 more | View in SCUBA |
| Gamma-delta T cells | Mitosis Execution Cell cycle | ASF1B, BUB1, CDCA8, CENPE, CENPF, CKS1B, MAD2L1, MKI67 +12 more | |
| Macrophages | Centrosome & DNA Repair Cell cycle | ANKRD13A, BRCA2, CASP2, CBX5, CCDC14, CEP152, CEP78, CKAP5 +34 more | View in SCUBA |
| Neutrophils | S-G2-M Cell Cycle Cell cycle | ATAD2, CENPP, CNTRL, LNPEP, MIS18BP1, RRM2, SMC4, TOPBP1 +1 more |
About the gene
| Synonyms | ENX-1, EZH1, KMT6, KMT6A |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 7: 148807257-148884321 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Chromatin regulator, Methyltransferase, Repressor, Transferase |
| Biological process | Biological rhythms, Transcription, Transcription regulation |
Function
Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Able to mono-, di- and trimethylate 'Lys-27' of histone H3 to form H3K27me1, H3K27me2 and H3K27me3, respectively. Displays a preference for substrates with less methylation, loses activity when progressively more methyl groups are incorporated into H3K27, H3K27me0 > H3K27me1 > H3K27me2. Compared to EZH1-containing complexes, it is more abundant in embryonic stem cells and plays a major role in forming H3K27me3, which is required for embryonic stem cell identity and proper differentiation. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1, CDKN2A and retinoic acid target genes. EZH2 can also methylate non-histone proteins such as the transcription factor GATA4 and the nuclear receptor RORA. Regulates the circadian clock via histone methylation at the promoter of the circadian genes. Essential for the CRY1/2-mediated repression of the transcriptional activation of PER1/2 by the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer; involved in the di and trimethylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 on PER1/2 promoters which is necessary for the CRY1/2 proteins to inhibit transcription.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.