LOXL2 — Lysyl oxidase like 2
LOXL2 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 4 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
LOXL2's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Endothelial | ECM Fibrotic Remodeling ECM remodeling | ADAMTS7, ANGPTL2, CD276, CETP, COL18A1, COLGALT1, DDI2, ERO1A +7 more | View in SCUBA |
| Fibroblasts | TGF-beta Fibrosis ECM production | ATP1B3, FKBP10, PLOD1, PMEPA1, SPTSSA, TGFBI, WNT5A | View in SCUBA |
| Pericytes | Fibrotic ECM Remodeling ECM remodeling | ADAMTS12, ADAMTS2, CD248, COL12A1, COL5A2, FSTL1, NID2, PAMR1 +2 more | View in SCUBA |
| Smooth muscle cells | Matrix Crosslinking Activation ECM remodeling | ADAM19, COL23A1, FOXF1, NKX2-3, PLPP1, RCN1, VCAN | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | LOR, WS9-14 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 8: 23296897-23425328 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular, Secreted |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins |
| Molecular function | Chromatin regulator, Oxidoreductase, Repressor |
| Biological process | Transcription, Transcription regulation |
Function
Mediates the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine). Acts as a transcription corepressor and specifically mediates deamination of trimethylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Shows no activity against histone H3 when it is trimethylated on 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) or 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) or when 'Lys-4' is monomethylated (H3K4me1) or dimethylated (H3K4me2). Also mediates deamination of methylated TAF10, a member of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, which induces release of TAF10 from promoters, leading to inhibition of TFIID-dependent transcription. LOXL2-mediated deamination of TAF10 results in transcriptional repression of genes required for embryonic stem cell pluripotency including POU5F1/OCT4, NANOG, KLF4 and SOX2 (By similarity). Involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) via interaction with SNAI1 and participates in repression of E-cadherin CDH1, probably by mediating deamination of histone H3. During EMT, involved with SNAI1 in negatively regulating pericentromeric heterochromatin transcription. SNAI1 recruits LOXL2 to pericentromeric regions to oxidize histone H3 and repress transcription which leads to release of heterochromatin component CBX5/HP1A, enabling chromatin reorganization and acquisition of mesenchymal traits. Interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum protein HSPA5 which activates the IRE1-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response, leading to expression of several transcription factors involved in EMT and subsequent EMT induction. Involved in E-cadherin repression following hypoxia, a hallmark of EMT believed to amplify tumor aggressiveness, suggesting that it may play a role in tumor progression. When secreted into the extracellular matrix, promotes cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins by mediating oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors to fibrous collagen and elastin. Acts as a regulator of sprouting angiogenesis, probably via collagen IV scaffolding. Acts as a regulator of chondrocyte differentiation, probably by regulating expression of factors that control chondrocyte differentiation (By similarity).
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.