TRAC — T cell receptor alpha constant
TRAC belongs to a gene co-expression module in 6 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
TRAC's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD4⁺ T cells | Protein/ER secretory machinery Protein processing & ER | ACTR2, ATP5IF1, ATP5ME, BAZ1B, CMC2, CNPY2, COMMD3, COPZ1 +16 more | View in SCUBA |
| CD8⁺ T cells | RNA Splicing & ER RNA processing & translation | ARHGDIB, FKBP8, HNRNPA1, MIF, PFN1, PPDPF, PPP1R18, SNRPD2 +2 more | View in SCUBA |
| Fibroblasts | Thrombin Receptor Signaling Inflammatory | ADAMTS9, AGT, CDCP1, CDH13, EFCC1, EPS8, F2R, F2RL2 +10 more | View in SCUBA |
| Hematopoietic progenitor cells | ILC3/γδT Priming Lymphcyte development | C2CD4D, CCL1, CCR1, CD2, CD7, CHI3L2, FGR, GPR18 +8 more | |
| Innate lymphoid cells | ILC1 Inflammatory Activation Inflammation | ABHD15, ALDOC, ARL2BP, C20orf204, CCL20, CPNE7, EIPR1, ERG28 +21 more | View in SCUBA |
| Natural Killer cells | Resident NK program Gut residency | ACP5, CDH17, CHCHD10, CKLF, ID3, KRT81, KRT86, NEDD9 +2 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Chromosome | 14: 22547506-22552156 |
|---|---|
| Predicted location | Membrane |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Predicted membrane proteins, T-cell receptor genes |
| Molecular function | Receptor |
| Biological process | Adaptive immunity, Immunity |
Function
Constant region of T cell receptor (TR) alpha chain. Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes. Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens. Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn, ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen- activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa- B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation. The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement. This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells. Post- thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.