CTSL — Cathepsin L
CTSL belongs to a gene co-expression module in 5 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
CTSL's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Endothelial | Housekeeping Metabolic Housekeeping | ANXA5, ATP5MC3, CCT5, COX6B1, DCTPP1, ERH, GSTO1, NDUFB7 +8 more | View in SCUBA |
| Fibroblasts | MMP-driven Fibroblast Remodeling ECM remodeling | AKR1B1, ANPEP, COL27A1, COL7A1, IL7R, INHBA, MME, MMP1 +4 more | View in SCUBA |
| Macrophages | NRF2 Oxidative Stress Stress | ACOT9, AHRR, ARMC9, BASP1, CARD19, CCDC71L, CD226, CLDND1 +27 more | View in SCUBA |
| Monocytes | Monocyte Immune Tolerance Tissue adaptation | ATP1B3, EMP1, FCER1G, FTH1, HAVCR2, INSIG1, MALT1, TIMP1 +1 more | View in SCUBA |
| Smooth muscle cells | Lysosomal-secretory processing Protein processing & ER | BZW2, COPZ1, LAMP1, PIGT, PLOD2, PRMT2, RGS9, RPN2 +5 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | CTSL1, FLJ31037 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 9: 87724051-87731469 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Hydrolase, Protease, Thiol protease |
| Biological process | Host-virus interaction |
Function
Thiol protease important for the overall degradation of proteins in lysosomes (Probable). Plays a critical for normal cellular functions such as general protein turnover, antigen processing and bone remodeling. Involved in the solubilization of cross-linked TG/thyroglobulin and in the subsequent release of thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) by limited proteolysis of TG/thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicle lumen (By similarity). In neuroendocrine chromaffin cells secretory vesicles, catalyzes the prohormone proenkephalin processing to the active enkephalin peptide neurotransmitter (By similarity). In thymus, regulates CD4(+) T cell positive selection by generating the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) bound peptide ligands presented by cortical thymic epithelial cells. Also mediates invariant chain processing in cortical thymic epithelial cells (By similarity). Major elastin-degrading enzyme at neutral pH. Accumulates as a mature and active enzyme in the extracellular space of antigen presenting cells (APCs) to regulate degradation of the extracellular matrix in the course of inflammation (By similarity). Secreted form generates endostatin from COL18A1. Critical for cardiac morphology and function. Plays an important role in hair follicle morphogenesis and cycling, as well as epidermal differentiation (By similarity). Required for maximal stimulation of steroidogenesis by TIMP1 (By similarity). (Microbial infection) In cells lacking TMPRSS2 expression, facilitates human coronaviruses SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections via a slow acid-activated route with the proteolysis of coronavirus spike (S) glycoproteins in lysosome for entry into host cell. Proteolysis within lysosomes is sufficient to activate membrane fusion by coronaviruses SARS-CoV and EMC (HCoV-EMC) S as well as Zaire ebolavirus glycoproteins. Functions in the regulation of cell cycle progression through proteolytic processing of the CUX1 transcription factor. Translation initiation at downstream start sites allows the synthesis of isoforms that are devoid of a signal peptide and localize to the nucleus where they cleave the CUX1 transcription factor and modify its DNA binding properties
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.