EGLN3 — Egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 3
EGLN3 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 5 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
EGLN3's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD4⁺ T cells | Gamma-delta T cell Cell contamination | ABHD15, ANKRD28, APOBR, CLIC3, CLIC5, ELOVL6, GLO1, NBL1 +9 more | View in SCUBA |
| Endothelial | Hypoxia Stress Response Stress | ABCA5, ALDH2, BAALC, CIRBP, EPB41, FARP1, FTL, LRP5 +7 more | View in SCUBA |
| Enterocytes | Endocytic nutrient uptake Absorption | CDA, CREB3L2, DAB2, DNAH7, LRP1, SLC43A2, SLC6A8 | View in SCUBA |
| Hematopoietic progenitor cells | HSC Quiescence Program Stemness | ADGRG6, AVP, CCDC175, CD164, CDH7, CHRM3, HEMGN, HLF +7 more | |
| Lymphatic endothelial | Hypoxia HIF Response Stress | AKR1C1, AKR1C2, AKR1C3, ATP1A1, BNIP3, CARHSP1, CSRP2, CTSS +4 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | HIFPH3, PHD3 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 14: 33924227-34462774 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Dioxygenase, Oxidoreductase |
| Biological process | Apoptosis, DNA damage |
Function
Prolyl hydroxylase that mediates hydroxylation of proline residues in target proteins, such as PKM, TELO2, ATF4 and HIF1A. Target proteins are preferentially recognized via a LXXLAP motif. Cellular oxygen sensor that catalyzes, under normoxic conditions, the post-translational formation of 4- hydroxyproline in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) alpha proteins. Hydroxylates a specific proline found in each of the oxygen-dependent degradation (ODD) domains (N- terminal, NODD, and C-terminal, CODD) of HIF1A. Also hydroxylates HIF2A. Has a preference for the CODD site for both HIF1A and HIF2A. Hydroxylation on the NODD site by EGLN3 appears to require prior hydroxylation on the CODD site. Hydroxylated HIFs are then targeted for proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitination complex. Under hypoxic conditions, the hydroxylation reaction is attenuated allowing HIFs to escape degradation resulting in their translocation to the nucleus, heterodimerization with HIF1B, and increased expression of hypoxy- inducible genes. ELGN3 is the most important isozyme in limiting physiological activation of HIFs (particularly HIF2A) in hypoxia. Also hydroxylates PKM in hypoxia, limiting glycolysis. Under normoxia, hydroxylates and regulates the stability of ADRB2. Regulator of cardiomyocyte and neuronal apoptosis. In cardiomyocytes, inhibits the anti-apoptotic effect of BCL2 by disrupting the BAX-BCL2 complex. In neurons, has a NGF-induced proapoptotic effect, probably through regulating CASP3 activity. Also essential for hypoxic regulation of neutrophilic inflammation. Plays a crucial role in DNA damage response (DDR) by hydroxylating TELO2, promoting its interaction with ATR which is required for activation of the ATR/CHK1/p53 pathway. Also mediates hydroxylation of ATF4, leading to decreased protein stability of ATF4 (Probable).
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.