LGALS9 — Galectin 9
LGALS9 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 7 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
LGALS9's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD8⁺ T cells | Type I Interferon Inflammation | EPSTI1, IFI35, IFI44, IFI44L, IFI6, IRF7, ISG15, MX1 +3 more | View in SCUBA |
| Endothelial | Complement Innate Immune Inflammation | C1R, C1S, CD47, CNDP2, COL5A2, CTSS, GRINA, GSDMD +9 more | View in SCUBA |
| Gamma-delta T cells | DNA Repair Housekeeping Housekeeping | ANAPC16, CCDC85B, CDIP1, CKLF, COTL1, DNAJC4, ECH1, ERCC1 +10 more | |
| Goblet cells | Lipid Redox Homeostasis Housekeeping | ADH5, BDH2, CASP6, DECR1, LAPTM4B, PAFAH1B3, THYN1, UBE2E3 | View in SCUBA |
| Macrophages | Immunoproteasome Induction Inflammatory | CBR1, DAPP1, DYNLT1, EPSTI1, IFI35, LAP3, LYSMD2, NADK +12 more | View in SCUBA |
| Monocytes | IFN-gamma Monocyte Activation Inflammatory | BLVRA, CYB5A, DRAP1, FCGR1A, GAS6, HLA-F, IFITM3, LILRB1 +3 more | View in SCUBA |
| Mucosal-associated invariant T cell | Type I Interferon Inflammation | CMPK2, HELZ2, HERC6, IFIT1, LAMP3, MX2, OAS3, PLSCR1 +2 more |
About the gene
| Synonyms | LGALS9A |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 17: 27629798-27649560 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular, Secreted |
| Essential gene | Yes |
| Protein class | Essential proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins |
| Biological process | Chemotaxis, Immunity |
Function
Binds galactosides. Has high affinity for the Forssman pentasaccharide. Ligand for HAVCR2/TIM3. Binding to HAVCR2 induces T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1) death. Also stimulates bactericidal activity in infected macrophages by causing macrophage activation and IL1B secretion which restricts intracellular bacterial growth (By similarity). Ligand for P4HB; the interaction retains P4HB at the cell surface of Th2 T-helper cells, increasing disulfide reductase activity at the plasma membrane, altering the plasma membrane redox state and enhancing cell migration. Ligand for CD44; the interaction enhances binding of SMAD3 to the FOXP3 promoter, leading to up-regulation of FOXP3 expression and increased induced regulatory T (iTreg) cell stability and suppressive function (By similarity). Promotes ability of mesenchymal stromal cells to suppress T-cell proliferation. Expands regulatory T-cells and induces cytotoxic T-cell apoptosis following virus infection. Activates ERK1/2 phosphorylation inducing cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, IL-12) and chemokine (CCL2) production in mast and dendritic cells. Inhibits degranulation and induces apoptosis of mast cells. Induces maturation and migration of dendritic cells. Inhibits natural killer (NK) cell function. Can transform NK cell phenotype from peripheral to decidual during pregnancy. Astrocyte derived galectin-9 enhances microglial TNF production (By similarity). May play a role in thymocyte-epithelial interactions relevant to the biology of the thymus. May provide the molecular basis for urate flux across cell membranes, allowing urate that is formed during purine metabolism to efflux from cells and serving as an electrogenic transporter that plays an important role in renal and gastrointestinal urate excretion (By similarity). Highly selective to the anion urate (By similarity). Acts as an eosinophil chemoattractant. It also inhibits angiogenesis. Suppresses IFNG production by natural killer cells (By similarity).
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.