PNPLA2 — Patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2
PNPLA2 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 7 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
PNPLA2's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Endothelial | Venous EC Identity Endothelial cell development | ALDH1A1, ALDH3A2, ASGR1, ATP9A, BMP2K, DSP, FAM107B, KIAA1522 +12 more | View in SCUBA |
| Enterocytes | Brush border lipid handling Absorption | ABCG1, ABHD12, ARL14, CDHR2, ENTPD8, IDS, RAI14, SEMA3G +2 more | View in SCUBA |
| Gamma-delta T cells | mRNA Splicing Regulation RNA processing & translation | ARF6, BTG3, CAPN7, CDV3, CELF2, CNBD2, CUL3, CYTIP +18 more | |
| Innate lymphoid cells | ILC3 identity Differentiation | ABCC1, BCL6, CCND3, CELF2, CHKB, DNAAF2, ENSG00000285976, EREG +31 more | View in SCUBA |
| Monocytes | Granulocytic Differentiation Developmental | CSF3R, GLT1D1, HEBP2, NDUFB9, NRGN, PLP2, PXN, SMARCD3 +2 more | View in SCUBA |
| Mucosal-associated invariant T cell | RNA Splicing m6A RNA processing & translation | ARF1, ARF6, ATP5F1B, CIRBP, CORO7, EIF1B, EIF5A, EMD +15 more | |
| Natural Killer cells | Housekeeping Mixed DNA regulation & transcription | ATP6V0C, ENSG00000285976, H2AJ, H3-3B, MARCHF3, NCBP2AS2, PRXL2C, TARS3 +1 more | View in SCUBA |
About the gene
| Synonyms | ATGL, desnutrin, FP17548, iPLA2zeta, TTS-2.2 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 11: 818914-825573 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Hydrolase |
| Biological process | Lipid degradation, Lipid metabolism |
Function
Catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis in adipocyte and non-adipocyte lipid droplets. Exhibits a strong preference for the hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acid esters at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone and acts coordinately with LIPE/HLS and DGAT2 within the lipolytic cascade (By similarity). Also possesses acylglycerol transacylase and phospholipase A2 activities. Transfers fatty acid from triglyceride to retinol, hydrolyzes retinylesters, and generates 1,3- diacylglycerol from triglycerides. Regulates adiposome size and may be involved in the degradation of adiposomes. Catalyzes the formation of an ester bond between hydroxy fatty acids and fatty acids derived from triglycerides or diglycerides to generate fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) in adipocytes. Acts antagonistically with LDAH in regulation of cellular lipid stores. Inhibits LDAH-stimulated lipid droplet fusion. May play an important role in energy homeostasis (By similarity). May play a role in the response of the organism to starvation, enhancing hydrolysis of triglycerides and providing free fatty acids to other tissues to be oxidized in situations of energy depletion (By similarity).
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.