OAS1 — 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1
OAS1 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 7 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
OAS1's module in each cell type
| Cell type | Module | Shares the module with | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD4⁺ T cells | Activated Treg Immune regulation | ACOT9, AHSP, AKIP1, BASP1, CASP1, CCR8, CD177, CSF2RB +13 more | View in SCUBA |
| CD8⁺ T cells | Type I Interferon Inflammation | EPSTI1, IFI35, IFI44, IFI44L, IFI6, IRF7, ISG15, LGALS9 +3 more | View in SCUBA |
| Endothelial | IFN-gamma Antigen Processing Inflammation | ERAP2, GBP3, IFI35, PSMB8, PSMB9, PSME1, RNF213, SAMD9L +3 more | View in SCUBA |
| Lymphatic endothelial | Type I Interferon Inflammation | BST2, CD74, CLEC14A, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, IFI6, IFIT1, IFIT2 +4 more | View in SCUBA |
| Macrophages | Type I Interferon Antiviral | CCL8, CMPK2, HELZ2, IFI27, IFI44, IFI44L, IFI6, IFIT1 +13 more | View in SCUBA |
| Monocytes | Type I Interferon Response Antiviral | HEG1, IFITM1, IRF9, LY6E, MYOF, PLAAT4, PSMB10, WARS1 | View in SCUBA |
| Mucosal-associated invariant T cell | Type I Interferon Inflammation | DDX60, DDX60L, DTX3L, EIF2AK2, EPSTI1, GBP2, GBP4, HERC5 +18 more |
About the gene
| Synonyms | IFI-4, OIAS, OIASI |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 12: 112905856-112933219 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Enzymes, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Nucleotidyltransferase, RNA-binding, Transferase |
| Biological process | Antiviral defense, Host-virus interaction, Immunity, Innate immunity |
Function
Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. The secreted form displays antiviral effect against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and stimulates the alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. When prenylated at C-terminal, acts as a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensor specifically targeted to membranous replicative organelles in SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 infected cells where it binds to dsRNA structures in the SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR and initiates a potent block to SARS-CoV-2 replication. Recognizes short stretches of dsRNA and activates RNase L. The binding is remarkably specific, with two conserved stem loops in the SARS-CoV-2 5'- untranslated region (UTR) constituting the principal viral target. The same mechanism is necessary to initiate a block to cardiovirus EMCV. Not prenylated at C-terminal, is diffusely localized and unable to initiate a detectable block to SARS-CoV-2 replication
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.