CD74 — CD74 molecule
CD74 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 16 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
CD74's module in each cell type
About the gene
| Synonyms | CLIP, DHLAG |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 5: 150401637-150412969 |
| Predicted location | Membrane, Secreted |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Cancer-related genes, CD markers, Disease related genes, Potential drug targets, Predicted membrane proteins, Predicted secreted proteins, Transporters |
| Molecular function | Chaperone |
| Biological process | Adaptive immunity, Immunity |
Function
Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF. Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome. Stabilizes the conformation of mature CTSL by binding to its active site and serving as a chaperone to help maintain a pool of mature enzyme in endocytic compartments and extracellular space of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Has antiviral activity by stymieing the endosomal entry of Ebola virus and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Disrupts cathepsin-mediated Ebola virus glycoprotein processing, which prevents viral fusion and entry. This antiviral activity is specific to p41 isoform.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.