EIF1 — Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1
EIF1 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 12 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
EIF1's module in each cell type
About the gene
| Synonyms | A121, EIF-1, EIF1A, ISO1, SUI1 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 17: 41688885-41692668 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | Yes |
| Protein class | Essential proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins |
| Molecular function | Initiation factor |
| Biological process | Protein biosynthesis |
Function
Component of the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC), which binds to the mRNA cap-proximal region, scans mRNA 5'-untranslated region, and locates the initiation codon. Together with eIF1A (EIF1AX), EIF1 facilitates scanning and is essential for start codon recognition on the basis of AUG nucleotide context and location relative to the 5'-cap. Participates to initiation codon selection by influencing the conformation of the 40S ribosomal subunit and the positions of bound mRNA and initiator tRNA; this is possible after its binding to the interface surface of the platform of the 40S ribosomal subunit close to the P-site. Together with eIF1A (EIF1AX), also regulates the opening and closing of the mRNA binding channel, which ensures mRNA recruitment, scanning and the fidelity of initiation codon selection. Continuously monitors and protects against premature and partial base-pairing of codons in the 5'-UTR with the anticodon of initiator tRNA. Together with eIF1A (EIF1AX), acts for ribosomal scanning, promotion of the assembly of 48S complex at the initiation codon (43S PIC becomes 48S PIC after the start codon is reached), and dissociation of aberrant complexes. Interacts with EIF4G1, which in a mutual exclusive interaction associates either with EIF1 or with EIF4E on a common binding site. EIF4G1-EIF1 complex promotes ribosome scanning (on both short and long 5'UTR), leaky scanning (on short 5'UTR) which is the bypass of the initial start codon, and discrimination against cap-proximal AUG. Is probably maintained within the 43S PIC in open conformation thanks to eIF1A-EIF5 interaction. Once the correct start codon is reached, EIF1 is physically excluded from the decoding site, shifting the PIC into the closed conformation and arresting it at the start codon.
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.