STAT1 — Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1
STAT1 belongs to a gene co-expression module in 15 of 28 SCUBA cell types. Each module groups genes that rise and fall together in that cell type; the genes it shares a module with are its closest co-expression partners there.
STAT1's module in each cell type
About the gene
| Synonyms | ISGF-3, STAT91 |
|---|---|
| Chromosome | 2: 190908460-191020960 |
| Predicted location | Intracellular |
| Essential gene | No |
| Protein class | Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transcription factors |
| Molecular function | Activator, DNA-binding |
| Biological process | Antiviral defense, Host-virus interaction, Transcription, Transcription regulation |
Function
Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which drive the cell in an antiviral state. In response to type II IFN (IFN-gamma), STAT1 is tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated. It then forms a homodimer termed IFN-gamma-activated factor (GAF), migrates into the nucleus and binds to the IFN gamma activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of the target genes, inducing a cellular antiviral state. Becomes activated in response to KITLG/SCF and KIT signaling. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Following bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TLR4 endocytosis, phosphorylated at Thr-749 by IKBKB which promotes binding of STAT1 to the 5'-TTTGAGGC-3' sequence in the ARID5A promoter, resulting in transcriptional activation of ARID5A and subsequent ARID5A-mediated stabilization of IL6. Phosphorylation at Thr-749 also promotes binding of STAT1 to the 5'-TTTGAGTC-3' sequence in the IL12B promoter and activation of IL12B transcription. Involved in food tolerance in small intestine: associates with the Gasdermin-D, p13 cleavage product (13 kDa GSDMD) and promotes transcription of CIITA, inducing type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells in upper small intestine (By similarity).
Human Protein Atlas · Open Targets · UniProt
Gene annotation from the Human Protein Atlas and UniProt; see sources & licences.